The viewer does not just witness a light-structured object but arrives at a conclusion through mental operations. Visual perceptions are determined by numerous mental activities... 'memory, projection, expectation, selectivity, habituation, salience, dissonance, culture and words' (Carolyn Bloomer)
Julian Hochberg (1970), found that human eyes constantly move as they scan an image - the viewer constructs the scene with short-lived eye fixation and the mind combines the elements within the image into a whole picture.
Mario Garcia and Pegie Stark also used an eye-track testing machine and found that the content, size and placement of artwork or photographs are more important than whether the image is in colour or in black and white.
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